Kua whakapuakina e te whakamātautau KATRIN i whakahaua kia paunatia ngā neutrino he whakatau tata ake mō te rohe o runga o tana papatipu - neutrinos kāore e neke atu i te 0.8 eV te taumaha, arā, he mama ake ngā neutrino i te 0.8 eV (1 eV = 1.782 x 10-36 kg).
Neutrinos (arā, ko ngā mea iti noa iho) ko ngā matūriki taketake tino nui i roto i te ao. Kei ngā wāhi katoa rātou, i roto i tupuni, i te rā, i ngā mea katoa wāhi e karapoti ana i a tātou. E toru miriona ngā neutrino e tika ana kia puta i roto i ō tātou tinana i ia hēkona, me te kore e taunekeneke ki tētahi atu matūriki.
I whakatūria tuatahitia rātou i te 10-4 he hēkona i muri i te pahūtanga nui tata ki te 13.8 piriona tau ki muri, ā, he mea nui tana mahi i roto i te whanaketanga o ao. Ka hangaia tonutia rātou i roto i te nui o ngā tauhohenga hanumi karihi i roto i ngā whetū tae atu ki te rā, i roto i ngā tauhohenga karihi i runga i te whenua me te pirau irahiko. He mea nui anō hoki rātou i roto i te tukanga supernova i roto i te huringa ora o te whetū, ā, he tohu wawe mō ngā pahūtanga supernova. I te taumata subatomic, neutrinos whakarato i tētahi taputapu hei ako i te hanganga o ngā irahiko. Neutrinos tera pea ka āwhina i te whakamārama i te kore ōrite o te matū-antihimiti.
Ahakoa te hiranga o ēnei mea katoa, he nui tonu ngā mea kāore anō kia mōhiotia mō neutrinosKāore mātou e mōhio me pēhea tā rātou taunekeneke me ētahi atu matūriki. Waihoki, mai i te kitenga o ngā wiriwiri neutrino, e mōhiotia ana he kore-kore ngā neutrino. papatipu. E mōhio ana tātou he iti rawa ngā neutrino papatipu ā, ko ngā matūriki māmā rawa atu ēnei o ngā matūriki taketake katoa, engari kāore anō kia tino mārama te papatipu tika. Mō te māramatanga pai ake ki ao, he mea nui kia tika te ine i te papatipu o ngā neutrino.
Ko te Whakamātautau KArlsruhe TRItium Neutrino (KATRIN) i te Whare Wānanga Hangarau o Karlsruhe (KIT), he mahi tahi nā ngā whenua e ono, e arotahi ana ki te ine i te papatipu o te neutrino me te tika i raro i te eV.
I te tau 2019, i pānuitia e te whakamātautau KATRIN ko te taumaha o ngā neutrino he 1.1 eV te roa, he whakapainga rua ngā wā i ngā inenga o mua o te 2 eV.
Ko te 1 eV, te irahiko hiko rānei, he pūngao ka riro mai i te irahiko ina piki ake te pūmanawa hiko i te irahiko mā te kotahi irahiko, ā, he ōrite ki te 1.602 × 10-19 joule. I te taumata subatomic, he watea te whakaatu i te papatipu i runga i ngā tikanga o te pūngao e whai ana i te ōritetanga o te papatipu-pūngao e ai ki te E=mc2 ; 1 eV = 1.782 x 10-36 kg.
I te 14 o Pēpuere 2022, i panuitia e te KATRIN Collaboration te ine i te papatipu o ngā neutrino me te tino tika, e whakaatu ana he mama ake ngā neutrino i te 0.8 eV, ā, ka pakaruhia te arai 1 eV i roto i te ahupūngao neutrino.
Ko te whāinga a te tīma rangahau he haere tonu me ngā inenga atu o te papatipu neutrino tae noa ki te mutunga o te tau 2024. Mai i te tau 2025, me te āwhina o te pūnaha kite TRISTAN hou, ka tīmata te whakamātautau KATRIN ki te rapu i ngā neutrino parakore. Me ngā papatipu kei roto i te awhe KeV, ka taea e ngā neutrino parakore te whakauru i te mea pōuri ngaro.
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Rauemi:
- Whakamātautau Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino (KATRIN). Kei te wātea mai i https://www.katrin.kit.edu/
- Te Whare Wānanga Hangarau o Karlsruhe (KIT). Pānui Pāpāho 012/2022 – He Mama ake ngā Neutrino i te 0.8 Ngā Irahiko. I tāngia i te 14 o Pēpuere 2022. Kei te wātea mai i https://www.kit.edu/kit/english/pi_2022_neutrinos-are-lighter-than-0-8-electron-volts.php
- Te Mahi Tahi a KATRIN. Te ine tika i te papatipu neutrino me te aro ki te iti o te irahiko hiko. Nat. Phys. 18, 160–166 (2022). I whakaputaina: 14 Pēpuere 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-021-01463-1
